Proving Causation in Birth Trauma Cases: Navigating the Twilight Zone Between Factual and Legal Causation 

The Canadian Medical Protective Association is the primary insurer for Canadian physicians faced with medical malpractice lawsuits. The Association’s 2011 Annual Report indicates that out of 894 civil action cases closed that year, 293 settled out of court (approximately one-third). Of the legal actions that proceeded to trial, 13 judgments were rendered for the plaintiff (patient) and 55 for the defendant (doctor). According to Professor Russell Brown most plaintiffs fail in medical negligence cases because they are unable to prove that the medical professional’s negligence caused the plaintiff’s injury. As this paper will examine, this is especially true in birth trauma cases, where proving causation is often the most trying and costly part of the case.